The phenomenon of fraud has been a persistent companion to human civilization, evolving alongside societal advancements and technological progress. As we venture deeper into the 21st century, the complexity and sophistication of fraudulent activities have reached unprecedented levels, demanding a comprehensive understanding of its fundamental nature, various manifestations, and far-reaching implications. This introductory chapter serves as a cornerstone for understanding the multifaceted nature of fraud, its theoretical underpinnings, and its profound impact on the global economic landscape. In an era where digital transformation has revolutionized financial systems and business operations, the study of fraud has become increasingly crucial for professionals across various sectors, including law enforcement, financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and corporate entities.