Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science focused on creating machines capable
of simulating human intelligence. The concept of AI dates back to ancient times, where myths
and stories featured intelligent automatons. However, the modern history of AI began in the
20th century. In 1950, British mathematician and logician Alan Turing published the seminal
paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", in which he proposed the idea of machines
that could think and introduced the Turing Test to assess a machine's intelligence. The formal
birth of AI as a scientific field occurred in 1956 at the Dartmouth Conference, organized by
John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, and Claude Shannon. McCarthy coined
the term "Artificial Intelligence" during this event.