Teacher education in India primarily refers to the policies and procedures that
strengthen the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviours of the prospective
teachers and carry out the tasks effectively in the classrooms, schools, and
wider community. Teacher education in India is regulated by the National
Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), a statutory body that was established
in 1993. The National Education Policy 2020 has proposed several reforms
and innovations in teacher education in India, such as making the 4-year
integrated Teacher Education program as the minimum degree qualification
for teaching by 2030, developing the National Professional Standards for
Teachers (NPST) to define the work and competencies of teachers, launching
the National Mission for Mentoring (NMM) to provide guidance and support
to new teachers by senior mentors, offering continuous professional
development (CPD) opportunities for teachers to update their knowledge and
skills, and revising the National Curriculum Framework for Teacher
Education...