Rural development represents one of the most complex and multifaceted challenges facing
contemporary governance systems worldwide. As approximately 2.8 billion people continue
to reside in rural areas globally, the formulation and implementation of effective policy
frameworks becomes paramount for ensuring equitable development, poverty alleviation, and
sustainable economic growth. This chapter examines the intricate web of policy frameworks
that govern rural development initiatives, with particular emphasis on the Indian context while
drawing comparative insights from global experiences.