This research focuses on a new method of protecting transmission line distance relays using artificial intelligence (AI). The proposed method improves the reliability and accuracy in detecting and locating the system faults by its ability to adapt to the changing conditions of the system. We establish the validity of our solution through comprehensive simulation procedures as well as its comparison with the conventional protection systems. The effects on the procedure in terms of the protection speed and sensitivity, in particular, the protection under complicated faults conditions and different system operating conditions, mark the substantial positive changes. The model has the advantage of an adaptive learning mechanism that enhances the performance of the system on a continuous basis making it fit for modern power systems which are becoming more intricate and unpredictable.