This book has been prepared especially for you as a supplementary resource to help guide your understanding of key environmental and ecological concepts. It’s not intended as a comprehensive textbook but rather as a curated collection of essential concepts, highlights, and practice materials—originally crafted at the request of students from Government Degree College, Mendhar, who lack access to suitable study material, however, it will be useful for all the Undergraduate students of the University of Jammu.
At the end of each unit, you’ll find suggested readings to encourage further exploration through additional library and reference books, helping you broaden your knowledge beyond the scope of this book.
This resource aligns with the latest syllabus prescribed by the University of Jammu, though, admittedly, the syllabus structure reflects a rather casual approach. In some areas, the content is disjointed, with little coherence between topics grouped within a unit, leaving one to question the rationale behind its design. Nevertheless, this book follows the syllabus closely, focusing on the fundamental content required for your curriculum.
While not an original scholarly work, this book is an effort to make learning more engaging and accessible. Each chapter begins with an abstract to give you an overview of what lies ahead, along with key points and multiple-choice questions at the end to reinforce your understanding. Descriptive images and diagrams, many created with the help of AI or sourced from open-access platforms, are included to enhance comprehension and make the learning experience more enjoyable.