Description
Communism has generally been seen to be in long and gradual retreat all over the world since the
1980’s. Unease against communism and its general principles has been known since at least 1968, when
the Prague Spring unraveled itself. This was a period of liberalization in Eastern Europe, but was brutally
suppressed by the former Soviet Union and its communist leaders, who feared its ripple and cascading
effects in the rest of the communist world. The Soviet Union itself crumbled less than a quarter of a
century later – this collapse was precipitated by Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms, namely Glasnost or
openness and Perestroika or structural reform – Gorbachev needs no introduction to most people; he
was born in 1931, and died in 2022. Gorbachev's began his political career in the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union, where gradually he rose through the ranks to assume leadership positions,
becoming General Secretary in 1985. Gorbachev gradually moved away from orthodox StalinismLeninism, to embrace more democratic ideals. He therefore sought to modernize the USSR by saving its stagnant economy which was even being overtaken by newly emerging Asian powers, and counter nationalist sentiments in other Soviet Republics. The Soviet Union was subsequently formally dissolved on the 26th of December 1991, by a declaration known as 142-N. All the Soviet republics declared their independence effectively putting an end to the USSR which vanished into the annals of history. Many communist nations of Eastern Europe were dissolved even prior to this, with the Berlin wall falling in November 1989, and Nicolae Ceausescu’s regime in Romania being toppled a month later ...
Sujay Rao Mandavilli is an IT professional (Governance Risk and Compliance) (Still practising as of 2025; Served major clients such as Tata Group, Mahindra Group, NECAM, Verizon and BAT, and also previously worked in IBM) and a born-again Anthropologist, researcher, and post-colonial thinker and theorist with major contributions to various fields of Anthropology and Social Sciences. He completed his Masters in Anthropology from the prestigious Indira Gandhi National Open University in New Delhi, India in 2020 with a first class, and with specializations in ethnography and environmental anthropology. He has made major contributions to Anthropological Economics, the Sociology of Science, theories of socio-cultural change, Identity theory, population studies, Historiography, language dynamics, Indo-European studies, the Aryan Problem, and the identity of the Harappans. He has also contributed greatly to scientific method, and the philosophy of science with a large number of publications on the philosophy of science and scientific method. His hypothesis is that most fields of Social sciences which are based on a study on social and cultural variables, are based on old Eurocentric paradigms, based on the European or American experience, (examples being Europeans studying exotic cultures and consumption-driven economic models) and that better theories can only come from intellectual multipolarity, and Ethnographic data collected from different parts of the world. He believes this will lead to better scientific research, and greatly boost scientific output in different parts of the world that have hitherto lagged behind the West in scientific research. He has also attempted to synthesize Anthropological theory with other fields of Social Sciences such as Economics and Pedagogy, generating several new paradigms as a result. He strongly believes that the ‘Globalization of Science’, with a particular emphasis on the social sciences, must become one of the major movements of the Twenty-first century. He has called for an "Indian Enlightenment" as well as similar renaissances in the developing world through a horizontal collaboration among developing nations. He has also called for the replacement of old-school intellectualism, with contemporary intellectualism, while keeping religious forces at bay. He has published over one hundred core research papers, and eight books. All papers have again been republished through Social Sciences Research Network or SSRN, and many through other publishers. He is the Founder-Director of the Institute for the Study of the Globalization of Science (ISGOS) (Registered in India as the Globalization of Science Trust) which is has already started empaneling a group of researchers and scientists to plan its next course of action. In 2023, he launched the "Scholars and intellectuals for mankind" (SCHIMA) forum, which is reaching out to scholars and intellectuals from throughout the world to draft a common agenda. In 2024, he launched the "Open, transparent, high-quality and ideology-free science movement" (MOTHIS), riding piggyback on his large number of publications on scientific method. In 2024, he also created the blog and the video channel "Abhilasha: This is not Utopia" to discuss burning and pressing issues of the day, particularly in relation to science, knowledge and society. In 2025, he launched the Mandavilli foundation to provide cash-free awards to social science researchers from developing countries who actively engage in globalization of science pursuits. He also launched a scholarship to Ph.D researchers in India whose primary thesis deals with globalization of science in the humanities. He also writes “social and scientific poetry” in order to contribute to the globalization of science movement, albeit humorously.