Sigmund Freud revolutionized the understanding of the human mind. As the founder of psychoanalysis, he proposed that much of our behavior is shaped by unconscious desires, especially those formed in early childhood. His ideas have influenced not only psychology but also literature, art, and philosophy. Yet over a century later, many of his theories have been challenged, criticized, or replaced. This book aims to explore Freud's key ideas, their impact, and why many psychologists now view his theories as outdated.