The concept of Microfinance has been around for a long time, but it is only recently that it has burst on the stage as a political model with some force. Ever since the establishment of the first Grameen banks, Microfinance institutions worldwide have gained momentum and clout, offering a range of financial products far beyond the simple act of money-lending.The provision of low-income households with permanent access to high-quality financial services has encouraged entrepreneurship and boosted grass-roots development amongst the poor of the poor, with tangible results now becoming manifest in long-term increases in income and consumption, greater financial stability and empowerment. With particular focus on the experience of India as a case study, this volume presents a concise overview of the key principles and workings of Microfinance across historical periods and geographical centres.