No tooth is an island. A dynamic relationship exists between pulp and periodontium. A tooth to function efficiently the health and vitality of these tissues forming a biologic unit is necessary. A close relationship exists between the disease process of pulp and periodontium which are responsible for more than 50% of tooth mortality.

As pulp and periodontium share a common nerve, blood and lymphatic supply, they produce a number of clinical symptoms and radiographic appearances very puzzling to the diagnostician whether either of them or both are in diseased state.